schneider



(No ModeL) 2 SheetsSheet *1.

W. E. SCHNEIDER.

CAMERA SHUTTER.

No. 433,745. s Patented Aug. 5, 1896:

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2 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

W. E. SCHNEIDER.

CAMERA SHUTTER.

Patented Aug. 5, 1890.

In: new: PETERS 020., movownnm, wuumcmn, a4 a.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM E. SCHNEIDER, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

CAMERA-SHUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 433,745, dated August 5, 1890.

Application filed May 29, 1888.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM E. SCHNEIDER, a citizen of the United States, residing at WVashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Shutters for Photographic and other Lenses, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to shutters for photographic and other lenses, wherein a quick automatic operation thereof is performed.

The object of the invention is to simplify the construction and operation of the flies or shutters proper.

The invention consists of one or more slotted flies having the usual or any approved apertures and pivoted to a suitable support, combined with an escapement of peculiar construction, all as I will proceed now to particularly set forth and claim.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, in the several figures of which like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 is a perspective view looking at one side, the lens-tube being omitted, and Fig. 2 is an elevation of the other side, the lens-tube being present and the parts being in disuse, or rather just having completed an instantaneous exposure. Fig. 3 is an elevation with the parts in position for instantaneous exposure. Fig. 4: is a View similar to that of Fig. 3, with the parts in position for time exposure. Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the parts as shown in Fig. 4, but illustrating a modified form of flies. Fig. 6 is an elevation of the clamp; Fig. 7, a longitudinal section of the lens-tube. Figs. 8 and 9 are elevations of modified forms of flies. Fig. 10 shows in perspective the details of the escapement and other parts for operating the flies, and Fig. 11 is an elevation of my shutter as applied to a stereoscopic camera.

\Vithout thereby limiting my invention to the mere details of construction and arrangement of parts I will proceed now to particularly set forththe preferred form of the device.

a and b are the shutters proper or flies, which are composed of the apertured lightcontrolling portions a b, respectively, and the shanks a and b (Shown best in Fig. 5.)

Serial No. 275,469. (No model.)

These flies overlie one another and have a common center of motion-such as a pivotpin or screw-pin c, which is arranged in any suitable support (Z, such support being here shown as a flat plate of metal. Between their pivot and their light-controlling portions, the shanks are provided with cam slots a 12 which intersect one another at reversed angles, the said slots being by preference obtuse angles. A slot d (see Figs. 2, 3, i, and 5) in the support d, intersects the cam-slots. A pin e extends through the slots d, b and a from the side of the support opposite that on which the flies are arranged, and this pin is borne by any suitable carrier 6, suitably secured to the support so as to be capable of a longitudinal movement thereon. As shown, the carrier is an oblong piece of metal extended througha loop d on the support. As the carrier is moved lengthwise its pin traverses the cam-slots and causes the flies to move crosswise of each other to bring their apertures into alignment, and then their imperforate portions, so as to make a photographic exposure. The carrier is held normally in position to retain the flies in position to exclude the light, and this is preferably accomplished by a volute, coi'led,or other spring f, the free end of which engages apin c on the carrier and the other end of which is adjustably secured to a post g, the post being made adjustable, so as to vary the ten sion of the spring.

The post 9 (see details, Fig. 10) has a hub g, having a spring-seat g ,in which a nick g is made to receive the returned end f of the spring f, and said post also has a head g, integral with the seatr and having sockets g in it to receive a pin-wrench g" for turning the hub, so as to wind the spring about it more or less closely and thus vary its tension. A thumb-screw g is passed through the hub g into the plate (I, and said thumbscrew has a shoulder g which binds upon or in the hub, so as to secure it and the spring.

in adjusted position. It will be observed that the spring f tends to draw down the carrier. The carrier is provided with an abutment or offset 6 and a notch 6 and this abutment and the notch are made co-operative with an escapement of peculiar construction to eflt'ect time and instantaneous photography, as I will proceed now to specify.

The escapement consists of adog h, having a curved nose h, normally acted upon by a spring 7L2 to cause it to engage the offset 6 This dog is pivoted at its to.the support (1, and its tail h is curved reversely to its nose, and is adapted to be operated upon by a pneu inatic or other engine or suitable motor t', or by hand or other means, to release the escapement. The dog is provided with a transverse slot its in its back. A second dog j, made substantially as an obtuse angle, is pivoted on the pivot h of the dog 77., and this dog j has a nose j to engage the notch c in time work, and also has a screw 7' projecting laterally from it through the slot h in the dog 71, which screw is engaged by a nut j arranged next the dog 7L and adapted to bind upon or in the slotted portion of the dog it to hold rigidly in adjusted position the dog j, so as to hold said dogj in position to engage the notch c or not, as maybe desired. The notch 0 may be supplemented by or have substituted for it a second abutment or offset 6 which is first met by the dog j to check the carrier, andis then engaged by the dog 7L to hold the carrier as long as may be desired.

The support d is made with grooved brackets 7t to receive a ring-like clamp Z, made as an open ring, (see Fig. 6,) by its shoulders Z Z. This clamp is constructed of spring metal, and is adapted to be slipped upon the lenstube on, and then the bracketed support is slipped 011 its shoulders and the two parts united by binding-screws 7t 70', which not only serve to hold together these parts, but to contract the clamp and bind it about the lens-tube, and so hold the parts firmly in position upon the lens-tube.

The lens-tube m is made with the parallel diaphragms m 4%, having usual apertures. The usual diaphragm-slot m is employed to insert the flies and also to receive movable diaphragms when they are needed. The lightcontrolling portions of the flies inFigs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 11 are wholly contained within the lens-tube and between the two diaphragms, although but one of such diaphragms may be used, and this construction is shown in said figures. Instead, however, of inserting the flies from above, they may enter at the sides, as in Figs. 5, 8, and 9. In Fig. 5 the lightcontrolling ends of the flies are flat zone-like pieces having their adjacent ends concaved. In Fig. 8 a single fly is used, and it has also a flat zone-like light-controlling end with a convex edge. controlling end with a double-concave aperture, and its shank has a straight cam-slot, instead of the obtuse angle-slot in the other forms. These various forms of flies have their special functions in various kinds of photography, as will be appreciated by those skilled in that art. As to the fly shown in Fig. 9, it may be said that the shutter is moved Fig. 9 has a flatzone-likelightcrosswise to the right to uncover the lens for the exposure, and then, continuing in the same direction, the unperforated portion at the left is brought over the lens-opening to complete the exposure. This form of shutter, so slotted, has a very quick movement, and its area of lens exposure at any instant of time is exceedingly small.

In Fig. 11 I have shown my invention as applied for stereoscopic photography, The only alteration necessary is to apply double end flies.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, S, and 9 the parts are arranged for instantaneous photography. It will be noticed that the nut 7' is at the bottom of the slot 7?, and that thereby the dog 7' is thrown over to the right, and is thus out of the path of the notch c. If now the carrier e be raised (as by hand) into the position of Fig. 3, the .nose of the dog It will engage the offset c and sustain the carrier in this position. The dog 77. is normally acted upon by spring h orgravityor other force to throw it into engagement with the offset 6 In reaching this position the carrier will have drawn with it the pin 6, so that said pin will be at the upper ends of the slots in the shanks of the flies and the support d, and the tail of dog h will be in its closest proximity to the engine 1?; hence if said engine be projected in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 3, the nose of the dog 72. will be disengaged from the off set 6 and the spring f then will be free to act to force down the carrier, and in this downward movement the light-controlling ends of the flies will be moved so as to have their apertures brought into alignment to thus make the exposure when the pin has reached the angle of the cam-slots, and then upon the further descent of the pin such apertures will disappear behind the solid portions of such ends by the continued crosswise movement of the flies.

WVhen time photographyis to be practicedthat is to say, when an exposure of considerable duration is desiredthe dog j is adjusted on dog It so as to bring its nose toward the I said dog h, and thus into the path of the notch e or offset 6 as shown in Fig. 4. When the parts are arranged thus and the carrier c has been raised, as in Fig. 3, to its highest position, and the object to be photographed and the photographic apparatus are ready, the motor is projected, and acting upon the dog h disengages the nose of that dog from the offset e wherebythe nose of dog j is thrown into the path of the descending notch e or offset e and engages said notch oroffset, and thereby arrests the further descent of the carrier and holds it in the position of Fig. 4. This leaves the apertures of the flies in alignment with each other and with the diaphragmaperture for the necessary exposure. The parts are held in this position by retaining the motor in engagement with the dog It, and after the necessary exposure is bad then the motor is released, and the spring f, acting upon the escapement,disengages the dog j from the notch e or offset, and thus leaves the carrier free to descend and carry its pin to the. bottom of the slots and so cause the flies to present their solid portions over and close the diaphragm-apertures.

A hole d is made in the plate d, which is adapted to receive a pin (say the device 9) to hold the dog in engagement with the notch e for any desired length of exposure and also in focusing. The same thing may be accomplished by retaining the dog in engage,- ment with offset e Any other form and arrangement of springs may be substituted for If, and, as already intimated, other force than spring may be used to hold the escapement in position to engage the carrier.

Instead of a fiat spring f, I may use any other well-known form.

The flies may be replaced by others of different style or having different-sized apertures.

The invention is designed to be applied to ordinary tubes-that is to say, it requires no specially-constructed tube.

\Vhat I claim is 1. Overlying flies having a common center of motion and apertured light-controlling portions arranged Wholly Within the lens-tube, and also provided with cam-slots arranged between their center of motion and apertured ends, combined with a suitable support, a pin, a spring-actuated carrier engaging the slotted flies and movable bodily on the sup port, and an escapement for the carrier, consisting of a pivoted dog adapted to engage an offset on the carrier, substantially as described.

2. A photographic shutter and a support therefor, having brackets provided with binding-screws, combined with a clamping device Z, made as an open ring, having shoulders H, and adapted to be detachably connected to the support and lens-tube and by its connection to be bound about the lens-tube and so hold the parts in place, substantially as described.

3. A pin-carrier for working the flies, having an offset and notch or its described equivalent, adapted to be engaged by an adjustble escapement for operating the flies either for time or instantaneous photography, combined with said flies, the adjustable escapement, and a spring for operating the carrier when released from the escapement, substantially as described.

4. A shutter having a slotted shank and a support for the shutter, combined with a pin engaging the slot, a carrier for the pin having an offset or abutment, a spring and its tension device, and an escapement anda motor for operatin git, substantially as described.

5. A shutter having a slotted shank and pivoted to a support, combined with a pin engaging the slot in the shank, a carrier for the pin having an offset and a notch or its described equivalent, a spring for actuating the carrier, and an escapement consisting of two superposed dogs, one adjustable relatively to the other to engage or not the notch of its described equivalent in the carrier, substantially as described.

6. A shutter having a slotted shank and pivoted to a support, a pin to engage such slot, and a carrier for the pin, combined with a spring connected to the carrier and secured to the support by a nicked adjustable hub rotatable to vary the tension of the spring, and a binding nut or device to secure the parts'in adjusted position, substantially as described.

7. A carrierbodily movable lengthwise and spring-actuated and having an offset to be engaged by an escapementto hold the carrier and restrain the action of its spring, and a pin 011 said carrier, combined with a support, the said escapement and a spring acting upon the escapement and normally tending to engage it with the offset, and a shutter engaged by the pin on the carrier, substantially as described.

8. The escapement consisting of a dog 72-, having a transverse slot, a second dog having a lateral projection extending through said slot-and adapted to be secured in adjusted position on said first-named dogby means of a binding or clamping medium, a support for the dogs, and a pivot common to both dogs and secured to the support, combined with a pin-carrier, and pivoted and slotted flies engaged and operated by the pin-carrier, substantially as described.

9. The escapement consisting of a dog 72,

having a transverse slot, a second dog having a lateral projection extending through said slot and adapted to be secured in adjusted position on said first-named dog by means of a binding or clamping medium, a support for the dogs, and a pivot common to both dogs and secured to the support, substantially as described, and adapted for use especially on snap-shutters for photographic purposes.

10. Two superposed pivotal shutters having straight arms with disks at their lightcontrolling ends, the said disks being provided with openings, and means to move said shutters to effect the necessary exposure, such means consisting of cam-slots in the said shutters arranged between their pivot and their light-controlling ends, a pin traversing said slots, a slide carrying the said pin and bodily movable upon the support, a spring acting upon the slide to cause it to force the pin throughout the cam-slots, a trip for said slide, and a pneumatic engine for operating the trip, substantially as set forth.

11. A shutter for photographic apparatus, consisting of superposed plates or disks having arms provided with cam-slots, and a common pivot and support for said arms, combined with a slide bodily movable upon said support and having a pin engaging such camslots, a trip for said slide, and means, such In testimony whereof I have hereunto set IO as an air-engine, for Working said trip, submy hand this 29th day of May, A. D. 1888. stantially as described.

12. The tripping device composed of the \V. E. SCHNEIDER. 5 two dogs having a common pivot and adj ustable relatively to each other and adapted to Nitnesses: hold the exposing device to shutout the light \VM. H. FINCKEL, and to release it to make the necessary ex- WM. R. MA KRILLE. posure, substantially as described. 

